Scientists say ocean health and biodiversity at a tipping point, new survey reveals

Scientists from every single inhabited continent agree ocean biodiversity is under threat but there is still reason for optimism if we act now to save it for the future, according to a new survey carried out by the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) this Ocean Month.

Findings analysed by global insights and advisory consultancy GlobeScan showed over two-thirds of the almost 60 leading ocean experts consulted thought climate change was the greatest threat to ocean health and biodiversity, but overfishing and changes to habitats also ranked highly in terms of the impact they are having.

Optimism for reversal of negative impacts if action is taken now

Despite worries about threats facing the ocean, almost half (45%) were optimistic, pointing to advances in science and policy as reasons to be hopeful for positive progress in protecting the oceans.

Scientists from countries ranging from the Solomon Islands to South Africa cited examples of global treaties and commitments as well as positive case studies of ocean restoration projects as ways in which ocean biodiversity could be protected from future harm.

However, respondents emphasised that international policies, treaties, and governance frameworks needed to go faster and further in their efforts to maintain a healthy ocean for future generations.

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Collective action required to safeguard our shared ocean

The United Nations Ocean Conference, currently underway in Nice, France, is expected to act as a catalyst for states to sign up to the Agreement on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (also known as the BBNJ or High Seas Treaty). At least 60 states must sign the treaty, which aims to conserve and sustainably use marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, before it enters into force.

Survey respondent Dr Judy Mann-Lang of the Two Oceans Aquarium Foundation, in Cape Town, echoes the need for action: “The ocean is remarkably resilient – if we just give it a chance. But this will need a change in what most people value. So, to save the ocean (and ourselves) we need to change society and that will take everyone to work together.”

To highlight the role that sustainable fishing practices play in preserving ocean health, the global ocean not-for-profit is running a global, public awareness campaign with the message: “Sustainable Fishing means More” – that is more fish and life in the ocean for future generations to benefit from.

WATCH: How sustainable fishing protects marine biodiversity

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